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KMID : 0381219710030030216
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Journal of RIMSK
1971 Volume.3 No. 3 p.216 ~ p.234
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EXPERIENCES WITH ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION IN THE RAT
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Lee Sun
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Abstract
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The idea of testicular grafting was introduced many decades ago by the chance observation that
domestic animals exhibited androgenic effects despite apparent bilateral orchiectomy; investigation invariably revealed that residual testicular tissue was, in each case, accidentally left in the glottal sac or abdominal cavity. These accidental observations were followed up by numerous investigators 74 ,95,153) who auto-or homografted testicular slices. As early as 1849, Berthold20´ transplanted particles on the host abdominal cavities which grew and maintained the male characteristics and habits of the chicken. Since that time, many clinical and experimental testicular implantations have investigated.
.Aside from purposes of rejuvenation or androgenic restoration intended by the testicular transplantation, testicle implantation 153) or testicular transplantation on the pedicle88´ also have been advocated by numerous investigators, and it is worth mentioning a few of the pioneer investigations of purely research nature: Knauer (1896)115) reported that rabbit testicular autografts in the neighborhood of their normal location retained their normal function, while Ribbert (1898)215) observed rapid degeneration of the engrafted testicle. However, Shattuck and Seligman (1904)236´ were able to confirm Knauer´s work, and remarkably, were able to autograft fowl testicles with preservation of spermatozoal function. Guthrie (1910)951, in his pioneer work on vascular surgery, suggested the possibility of testicular transplantation with vascular reunion. Lespinasse, however, in 1918137), reviewed the world literature on the subject and stated that male reproductive organ transplantation employing vascular anastomosis would never become practical, and would forever remain in the experimental laboratory. The value of testicular implantation or engrafting without vascular anastomoses was heavily emphasized by this author.
The incapability of the ectopic testis to produce fertile sperm has been known clinically for many decades. Aside from cryptorchidism, testicular atrophy can result from inguinal herniorrhaphy or from an autoimmune process due to some forms of testicular trauma or even minor manipulation of the testicle, such as biopsy.
Before the era of modern medicine, pathological testes were seen more frequently than today. This was due to such diverse causes as tuberculosis, mumps, inadequacy of medical care, and lack of chemotherapy, particularly antibiotics. In addition to overtly dysfunctioning testes, it was thought that other conditions also could be corrected by testicular transplants.
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